Mining Pools Dominance
Share of the top 10 mining pools over time, in a stacked area chart: each band is one pool's share of the tracked top 10 (30-day rolling window).
What is it?
This metric shows how Bitcoin hash power is split between the ten largest pools, as stacked areas. The ten source series (foundryusa_dominance, antpool_dominance, f2pool_dominance, viabtc_dominance, binancepool_dominance, marapool_dominance, poolin_dominance, bwpool_dominance, braiinspool_dominance, spiderpool_dominance) are turned by the pipeline into point-in-time shares: daily change, 30-day rolling sum, then normalisation by the sum of the ten tracked pools. Each band is therefore one pool's share within that top 10: the ten bands add up to 100 % of the top 10, not of the whole network hash power, which also includes pools and solo miners outside this scope.
How to read
Stacked areas in percent of the top 10: the ten bands add up to 100 % vertically. Each coloured band is one pool: the legend lets you show or hide pools one by one. A band thickening over time: that pool gains share within the top 10. A band thinning: it loses share. To measure concentration across the whole network, cross-check with `top-3-pools-share` and `mining-pool-concentration-hhi`.
Key zones
Foundry USA (China mining ban, June 2021) structurally became the world's largest pool (~30 % or more). AntPool has long been second (Bitmain). In this top-10-only view, a band durably above one third of the tracked top 10 indicates heavy concentration at the top (51 % attack risk). A top-3 concentration above 50 % is a centralisation alert: see `top-3-pools-share`, which uses its own denominator.
What to observe
Watch for abrupt changes in layers : rapid emergence (e.g. new pool jumping from 0 to 5% in a few weeks) can indicate large-scale hardware arrival or fragmentation of an existing pool. Thinning pools may be in financial difficulty or hashers migrating to other pools (e.g. lower fees, MEV features). Cross with `mining-pool-concentration-hhi` for aggregated measurement.
Historical context
Pre-China ban (before 2021-06-21) : F2Pool, Poolin, BTC.com, AntPool shared top ranks (China majority origin). Post-China ban : massive Chinese hasher exodus, rapid emergence of Foundry USA (June 2022 pole position confirmation). Post-2022 stabilization : Foundry + AntPool + F2Pool dominate top 3 (~50-60% combined). 2024-04-19 halving marked further consolidation : pools with structural capital (FoundryUSA, MARA Pool) gained share vs agnostic pools.
Expert notes
Pool detection relies on coinbase signatures (block signature, fee output addresses, tag patterns) - standard industry methodology. Pools can occasionally spoof their signature (false positives / negatives ~1-3%). For absolute accuracy, requires a dedicated multi-heuristic parser. Trinity uses native on-chain source attributions that aggregate these heuristics.
Common mistakes to avoid
High pool dominance does not mechanically mean 51% attack risk : pools are aggregators of individual hashers (potentially geographically and corporately diversified). A pool can instantly lose half its hash power if hashers migrate (Foundry June 2024 incident = miners moved without notice). To be analyzed with `top-3-pools-share` and `mining-pool-concentration-hhi` for a robust view of effective centralization.
Programmatic access
REST API
curl -sS \
'https://api.trinityinsights.io/api/v1/onchain/metrics/mining-pools-dominance/data?timeframe=90d' \
-H 'X-API-Key: $TRINITY_API_KEY'MCP server
{
"tool": "get_chart_value",
"metric_id": "mining-pools-dominance",
"timeframe": "1y"
}Required tier: pro. See the pricing grid for the tier list and the MCP documentation for multi-client configuration.
Related metrics
Institutional disclaimer
Trinity Insights is an educational and analytical tool. The metric above does not constitute investment advice. Trinity Insights is not a Crypto-Asset Service Provider (CASP) registered under MiCA Regulation (EU) 2023/1114. See the full disclaimer.